"I have had an exceedingly beautiful life" The Jewish gynecopathologist Robert Meyer (1864-1947) and his extraordinary response to Nazi repression.

The Jewish scientist Robert Meyer received worldwide professional recognition as a pioneer gynecopathologist. Before his death, he wrote a memoir in which he gave an entirely positive assessment of his life. The latter, however, is at odds with the fact that he was disenfranchised by the National Socialists and driven into emigration. But even before Hitler's seizure of power, he had to cope with several strokes in private as well as in professional life. This article takes these apparent inconsistencies as an occasion for a fundamental analysis of Robert Meyer's life and work. Special attention is paid to his scientific achievements, but also to repressive experiences in the Third Reich, the background of his emigration and his specific handling of these adversities. Various archival documents, Meyer's memoirs, and other contemporary writings by and about Robert Meyer and about the development of the field of gynecopathology serve as central sources. The study concludes that Meyer made fundamental contributions to the embryology of the vagina, ovarian tumors, cancer diagnosis, endometriosis, and genital and fetal abnormalities. Despite his scientific merits, he was never granted a regular professorship - mainly, because he was professionally caught between two stools (gynecology and pathology), but also due to low career ambition. Nevertheless, thanks to influential supporters, he was able to hold out in Germany until 1939, when he emigrated to the United States. Meyer considered his life "beautiful" despite many misfortunes because he defined happiness in life primarily in terms of fulfilling personal relationships and was willing to accept life as it comes. In addition, he found distraction and fulfillment in his scientific work.

Romances familiares e heranças psicossociais / Family romances and psychossocial heritage / Romances familiares y herencias psicossociales

Este artigo examina a influência da família e dos efeitos das heranças psicossociais na trajetória do sujeito. A psicossociologia ­ e suas interseções com a psicanálise e a sociologia ­ é discutida como referencial teórico-metodológico que possibilita explorar essa problemática. O estudo "Romance Familiar e a Trajetória Social", que se apoia no método de história de vida em grupo, fundamenta a discussão, que é seguida pela análise do relato de uma participante de um grupo intitulado "Mudanças de vida: entre perdas e vínculos", que nos fornece elementos para discutir a transmissão sociopsíquica entre gerações e seus traços nas produções subjetivas do indivíduo (AU).

This article examines the influence of the family and the effects of the psychosocial heritage in the trajectory of the subject. Psycosociology, and its intersections with psychoanalysis and sociology, is discussed as theoreticalmethodological referential that allows us to explore such issue. We will present the device "Family Romances and psychosocial heritage", that utilizes the history of life in groups. We will analyze as furthers as the report of a participant of a group entitled "Life changes: between losses and bonds", which allows us to analyze the socio-psychic transmission among generations and their traits in the subjective productions of the individual (AU).

Este artículo examina la influencia de la familia y los efectos de las herencias psicosociales en la trayectoria de un individuo. La psicosociología, y sus intersecciones con el psicoanálisis y la sociología, es discutida como un marco teórico-metodológico que permite explorar tal problema. Presentamos, entonces, un dispositivo grupal llamado "Romance familiar y trayectoria social" apoyado en el método de historia de vida. Seguimos con un análisis de un participante en un grupo titulado "Cambios en la vida: entre restricciones y vínculos", que nos proporcionan elementos para discutir la transmisión psicológica entre las generaciones y sus rasgos en las producciones subjetivas del individuo (AU).

A positive Living-in-History effect: the case of the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Research has shown that individuals use a combination of cultural life script events and historical events when dating personal memories, providing evidence for a cultural life script effect and Living-in-History (LiH) effect on the temporal organisation of autobiographical memory. Yet, in contrast to life script events, the LiH effect has only been found for negative events such as war or natural disasters. Therefore, this study tested whether a positive historical event, here the fall of the Berlin Fall, also elicits a LiH effect and whether this effect would differ due to the subsequent changes in life. Comparing West and East Germans, we found a moderate LiH effect for the fall of the Berlin Wall in East Germans but not in West Germans. Yet, the LiH effect in East Germans did not relate to the perceived change in life or the valence of the historical event. Additionally, this study replicated the finding that life script events serve as temporal landmarks when navigating through one's autobiographical timeline.

Tsara'at/hanseníase: caminhos trilhados por familiares de ex-doentes tratados em ambiente asilar / Tsara'at/leprosy: paths taken by relatives of former patients treated in the asylum environment / Tsara'at/lepra: caminos tomados por los familiares de los pacientes tratados en el entorno de asilo

Objetivo: Averiguar a compreensão que familiares de ex-doentes de hanseníase tratados em hospitais colônia têm sobre a doença. Método: Estudo qualitativo, enfocando a história oral temática. Os 52 familiares de ex-doentes de lepra que foram segregados no Hospital Colônia São Francisco de Assis compuseram a colônia. A rede foi constituída por 10 colaboradores, ambos os sexos, com idade entre 44 a 76 anos. A coleta de dados foi norteada por questões abertas que direcionaram as lembranças dos colaboradores para o propósito do estudo. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcrita e analisadas pela análise temática de conteúdo. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, CAAE 25922214.3.0000.5537. Resultados: Identificaram-se duas categorias: a história no passado e a história no presente. Conclusão: Os entrevistados refletiram sobre política de controle da lepra no passado, assim como a adotada no presente frente à hanseníase

Objective: To assess the understanding that relatives of former leprosy patients treated in hospitals colony have about the disease. Method: Qualitative study, focusing on oral history. The 52 relatives of former leprosy patients who were segregated in Cologne Hospital São Francisco de Assis composed the colony. The network consisted of 10 employees, both sexes, aged 44-76 years. Data collection was guided by guiding questions that directed the memories of employees for the purpose of the study. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed for thematic content analysis. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CAAE 25922214.3.0000.5537. Results: Resulting in two categories: The story and the last story in this. Conclusion: Respondents reflected rise leprosy control policy in the past, as well as adopted in the present front of the disease

Objetivo: Conocer el entendimiento de que los familiares de los ex pacientes de lepra tratados en hospitales colonia tienen sobre la enfermedad. Método: Estudio cualitativo, centrándose en la historia oral. Los 52 familiares de los ex pacientes de lepra segregados en Colonia Hospital São Francisco de Assis componen la colonia. La red se formó por 10 empleados, de ambos sexos, con edades entre 44-76 años. La recolección de datos fue guiado por preguntas abiertas se centraron en el propósito del estudio. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas, analizadas para el análisis de contenido temático. Fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte, CAAE 25922214.3.0000.5537. Resultados: Lo que resulta en dos categorías: La historia y la última historia en esto. Conclusión: Los encuestados reflejaron suba política de control de la lepra en el pasado, así como adoptó en el presente frente a la enfermedad

Faustino Pérez Hernández, honestidad y entrega / Faustino Pérez Hernández, honesty and consecration

La historia de Cuba la han hecho sus mejores hijos. Entre los que contribuyeron protagónicamente a la etapa que condujo al triunfo de 1959 y la construcción de la sociedad socialista se destaca Faustino Pérez Hernández, fruto de la tierra espirituana ligado a la historia matancera por más de una página de honestidad y entrega. El principal hospital de la provincia de Matanzas, ubicado en su capital, lleva su nombre. El presente trabajo pretende, en su brevedad, despertar la necesidad de conocer más profundamente su vida y su obra (AU).

Cuban history has been made by its best children. Faustino Perez, born in Sancti Spiritus and linked to Matanzas by more than one page of honesty and devotion, is among the ones who played the most important roles in the stage leading to the triumph of 1959 revolution and the socialist construction. The main hospital of the province of Matanzas, located in its capital, is named after him. The current work pretends to arouse the necessity of knowing deeply his life and his work (AU).

Faustino Pérez Hernández, honestidad y entrega / Faustino Pérez Hernández, honesty and consecration

La historia de Cuba la han hecho sus mejores hijos. Entre los que contribuyeron protagónicamente a la etapa que condujo al triunfo de 1959 y la construcción de la sociedad socialista se destaca Faustino Pérez Hernández, fruto de la tierra espirituana ligado a la historia matancera por más de una página de honestidad y entrega. El principal hospital de la provincia de Matanzas, ubicado en su capital, lleva su nombre. El presente trabajo pretende, en su brevedad, despertar la necesidad de conocer más profundamente su vida y su obra (AU).

Cuban history has been made by its best children. Faustino Perez, born in Sancti Spiritus and linked to Matanzas by more than one page of honesty and devotion, is among the ones who played the most important roles in the stage leading to the triumph of 1959 revolution and the socialist construction. The main hospital of the province of Matanzas, located in its capital, is named after him. The current work pretends to arouse the necessity of knowing deeply his life and his work (AU).

Victims of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in long-lasting disillusionment phase.

This study describes the existence of the long-lasting disillusionment phase for the victims after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant following the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011. Through analyzing the mental situation of the victims, the situations were categorized into 2 groups for forced evacuees: "in the disillusionment phase" and "in the reconstruction phase," Other 2 groups are for host Iwaki residents: "with negative feelings against evacuees" and "leading their life constructively." The negative feeling enhances the vicious psychological cycle for the evacuees in the long-lasting disillusionment phase and repeating emotion of survivor's guilt in the reconstruction phase. We propose that people who were getting back to a normal life while leading their life constructively should raise their voices in favor of living together with evacuees.

Age verification of the longest lived man in the world.

Identifying the correct length of life for long-lived individuals is highly important for the social and natural sciences, as well as for policymaking. The purposes of this paper are to propose a standardized age verification procedure and to report on the age verification case of Jiroemon Kimura (J.K.), who is assumed to be the longest lived man in the world. We propose two verification processes that we have named face validity and concurrent validity of age verification. We collected official documents, and non-official records to check face validity. We also gathered life episodes told by J.K. and historical records to evaluate concurrent validity. Although we found several date inconsistencies among documents and mismatches between told episodes and actual dates of events, no critical discordances were discovered. In conclusion, we could verify that J.K. was born on April 19, 1897 and passed away on June 12, 2013 at the age of 116years and 54days.

Growing up in wartime: Evidence from the era of two world wars.

We document the association between war-related shocks in childhood and adult outcomes for Europeans born during the first half of the twentieth century. Using a variety of data, at both the macro- and the micro-level, we address the following questions: What are the patterns of mortality among Europeans born during this period? Do war-related shocks in childhood and adolescence help predict adult health, human capital and wellbeing of the survivors? Are there differences by sex, socio-economic status in childhood, and age when the shocks occurred? At the macro-level, we show that the secular trend towards lower mortality was interrupted by dramatic increases in mortality during World War I, the Spanish Flu, the Spanish Civil War, and World War II, and we quantify the size of these mortality shocks. Different patterns characterize these high-mortality episodes, with substantial variation by country, sex and age group. At the micro-level, we show that war-related hardship in childhood or adolescence, in particular exposure to war events and experience of hunger, is associated with worse physical and mental health, education, cognitive ability and subjective wellbeing at older ages. The strength of the association differs by sex and type of hardship, with war exposure being more important for females and experience of hunger for males. We also show that hardships matter more if experienced in childhood, and have stronger consequences if they last longer.

Políticas de identidade no sistema de acolhimento a crianças: a história de vida de uma pós-abrigada / Políticas de identidad en el sistema de apoyo infantil: la historia de la vida de una mujer joven después del tiempo de abrigo / Identity policies in the children's welfare system: the life history of a young woman after shelter time

Resumo Este artigo apresenta as sínteses de uma pesquisa, objetivando desvelar as possibilidades de superação do estigma do abandono de egressos do sistema de acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes, por meio do entendimento das políticas de identidade e identidades políticas. Foi utilizado o referencial teórico proposto pela teoria de identidade, com a finalidade de abarcar a complexidade da medida de proteção previsto pelo ECA. Como método foi eleita a entrevista de história de vida, realizada no estudo de caso de uma jovem de 22 anos, negra, cuja classe social de origem é a baixa, e que morou dos 10 aos 17 anos em uma instituição não governamental de acolhimento com quartos coletivos. Aproximando o relato da teoria, são elucidadas algumas reflexões acerca do potencial da criança ou adolescente se representar como sujeito de direitos pelo viés da autonomia promovida pelas pessoas da comunidade.

Resumen En este trabajo se presenta la síntesis de un estudio, con el objetivo de hacerse conocer las posibilidades de superación de los niños y jóvenes que vivieron en orfanatos a través de la comprensión de la Identidad y de las Políticas de Identidad. Se utilizó el marco propuesto por la teoría de la Identidad, con el fin de abarcar la complejidad de la protección prevista por el Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (Brasil). Como método, ha sido elegida la entrevista de Historia de Vida, con el estudio de caso de un joven de 22 años de edad, negro, clase social baja y que vivió de los 10 a los 17 años en un orfanato no gubernamental con dormitorios compartidos. Se pudo reflexionar sobre el potencial del niño o adolescente representado como un sujeto de derechos por el sesgo de la autonomía promovida por miembros de la comunidad.

Abstract This article shows the synthesis of a research report, which aimed at investigating the possibilities of recovery from the abandon sensation that affects children and adolescents that live a long period in foster care, through the context of identity politics and political identities. The identity theory has been used as a theorical reference, attempting to comprise the complexity of the protection measure as conceived by ECA. The chosen method is the life story interview of a 22 years old black woman, coming from lower social classes, and that lived in a non-governmental organization, sharing a room, between the ages of 10 and 17. Some reflections are elucidated in this article based on these life stories and the closeness to the theory. These reflections are about the comprehension of solidarity through acquaintanceship with other people, whom represent the child's potential as an individual with rights, and autonomy promoted by the people of the community.

Korean Survivors of the Japanese "Comfort Women" System: Understanding the Lifelong Consequences of Early Life Trauma.

Prior to and during World War II, thousands of girls and young women were abducted from Korea and forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese government. Termed comfort women, these girls and young women suffered extreme sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and trauma. Research on this group is not well-developed and people know little of the impact of this early life trauma on the lives of these women who are now in later life. Using snowball sampling, 16 older adult survivors of the comfort women system participated in semistructured qualitative interviews. Thematic analysis was conducted to gain an understanding of the trauma that these women suffered and how it impacted their lives. Results revealed the depths of the abuse these women suffered, including repeated rapes, physical beatings, humiliation, forced surgery and sterilization, and social exclusion. These early traumatic experiences appeared to reverberate throughout their lives in their family relations, their inability to marry and to conceive children, and their emotional and physical well-being throughout the life course and into later life. The experiences of these survivors illustrate the lasting impact of early-life trauma and can guide interventions with current survivors of sexual abuse or trafficking.

Living in history and living by the cultural life script: How older Germans date their autobiographical memories.

This study examines predictions from two theories on the organisation of autobiographical memory: Cultural Life Script Theory which conceptualises the organisation of autobiographical memory by cultural schemata, and Transition Theory which proposes that people organise their memories in relation to personal events that changed the fabric of their daily lives, or in relation to negative collective public transitions, called the Living-in-History effect. Predictions from both theories were tested in forty-eight-old Germans from Berlin and Northern Germany. We tested whether the Living-in-History effect exists for both negative (the Second World War) and positive (Fall of Berlin Wall) collectively experienced events, and whether cultural life script events serve as a prominent strategy to date personal memories. Results showed a powerful, long-lasting Living-in History effect for the negative, but not the positive event. Berlin participants dated 26% of their memories in relation to the Second World War. Supporting cultural life script theory, life script events were frequently used to date personal memories. This provides evidence that people use a combination of culturally transmitted knowledge and knowledge based on personal experience to navigate through their autobiographical memories, and that experiencing war has a lasting impact on the organisation of autobiographical memories across the life span.

Virginia Tech as a Sentinel Event: The Role of Psychiatry in Managing Emotionally Troubled Students on College and University Campuses.

This article reviews the role of psychiatry in colleges and universities, and argues that psychiatrists are significantly underutilized as consultants and educators in managing emotionally troubled students. Focusing on the 2007 Virginia Tech mass shooting case as a sentinel event, the article outlines mental health issues facing post-secondary institutions and legal issues related to psychiatric services, including the following: the increased need for psychiatric services on campus; communication challenges among campus groups involved in managing high-risk students; efforts to balance patient confidentiality with public safety; confusion over privacy laws; and the changing role of the campus psychiatrist. An important conclusion is that psychiatrists working in campus settings have distinctive, vital skill sets that enable them to go far beyond their traditional roles of psychiatric evaluation and treatment and to serve in critical leadership, educational, and consultative capacities to benefit both emotionally troubled students and the wider campus community.

[Trait-aggression and suicide of Vincent van Gogh]. / Vincent van Gogh vonás-agressziója és öngyilkossága.

Although in recent decades the literature has paid special attention to Vincent van Gogh's life, work and illness, there has still not been an examination of the connections between his trait aggression and his suicide. The present study traces, in the light of this trait aggression, the predictive factors that can be observed on the path leading to the artist's suicide. Biographical documents, case history data, as well as letters and the findings of earlier research have been used in the course of the analysis. Among the distal suicide risk factors we find a positive family anamnesis, childhood traumas (emotional deprivation, identity problems associated with the name Vincent), a vagrant, homeless way of life, failures in relationships with women, and psychotic episodes appearing in rushes. The proximal factors include the tragic friendship with Gauguin (frustrated love), his brother Theo's marriage (experienced as a loss), and a tendency to self-destruction. Both factor groups on the one hand determined the course of development of the trait aggression and on the other can also be regarded as a manifestation of that trait aggression. It can be said that the trait aggression played an important role in Van Gogh's suicide.

Increased mortality exposure within the family rather than individual mortality experiences triggers faster life-history strategies in historic human populations.

Life History Theory predicts that extrinsic mortality risk is one of the most important factors shaping (human) life histories. Evidence from contemporary populations suggests that individuals confronted with high mortality environments show characteristic traits of fast life-history strategies: they marry and reproduce earlier, have shorter birth intervals and invest less in their offspring. However, little is known of the impact of mortality experiences on the speed of life histories in historical human populations with generally higher mortality risk, and on male life histories in particular. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether individual-level mortality experiences within the family have a greater effect on life-history decisions or family membership explains life-history variation. In a comparative approach using event history analyses, we study the impact of family versus individual-level effects of mortality exposure on two central life-history parameters, ages at first marriage and first birth, in three historical human populations (Germany, Finland, Canada). Mortality experience is measured as the confrontation with sibling deaths within the natal family up to an individual's age of 15. Results show that the speed of life histories is not adjusted according to individual-level mortality experiences but is due to family-level effects. The general finding of lower ages at marriage/reproduction after exposure to higher mortality in the family holds for both females and males. This study provides evidence for the importance of the family environment for reproductive timing while individual-level mortality experiences seem to play only a minor role in reproductive life history decisions in humans.

Historia de vida de Lely Luz Flórez Meza: boxeadora colombiana ex-campeona mundial de la categoría wélter junior del Consejo Mundial de Boxeo (CMB) / Life history of Lely Luz Flórez Meza:colombian former world boxing champion in the welter junior of the CMB

El presente artículo proviene del proyecto de investigación "Memoria histórica del boxeo en Córdoba durante los últimos 50 años: las historias de vida de los campeones mundiales de boxeo", aprobado en la convocatoria interna de proyectos de investigación en la Universidad de Córdoba. El estudio sigue la ruta de la investigación social cualitativa y utiliza la historia de vida como método de investigación social.La historia de vida de Lely Luz Flórez Meza sigue el curso de las etapas de su ciclo vital. En cada una de estas se identifican vivencias y experiencias a las que otorga especial significación porque marcaron su vida para siempre, haciendo de ella un ser especial que valora la vida, sus padres, la familia y los amigos. Vivencias que le permiten ser una persona humilde, guerrera y afectiva a la vez.

This article is part of a research project on the historical memoirs of boxing in C¢rdoba over the last 50 years: “life histories of world boxing champions" . this study was financially supported by the research office at University of Cordoba in Colombia. It followed a social quali- tative research design and used life histories as a social research method. The life history of Lely Luz Florez Meza followed the stages of her vital cycle. In each stage her life experiences were identified, giving special meaning to them since they marked their life forever and made of her a human being who values life, her parents, family and friends. These life experiences allowed her to be humble, courageous and efficient as well.